基于NaOH刻蚀玻碳电极的电化学传感器在检测膀胱癌DNA中的应用

制备了一种基于活化的玻碳电极的新型电化学DNA生物传感器,可用于膀胱癌DNA的检测.通过循环伏安法(CV)实现玻碳电极在NaOH溶液中的刻蚀,使电极表面负载大量官能团,为DNA提供连接位点,由Laviron方程计算得到玻碳电极表面的羧基浓度为 1.022×10-6 mol/cm2.亚甲基蓝(MB)作为电化学检测的杂交指示剂.采用原子力显微镜(AFM)对刻蚀后的电极进行了形貌表征.在最优杂交条件下,通过差分脉冲法(DPV)计算出最佳检测限为5.677×10-13 mol/L(n=5),适用目标 DNA浓度范围1×10-8 mol/L~1×10-12 mol/L.该传感器有望用于实际样品中膀胱癌DNA的快速检测.     

基于Au NPs-CeO2@PANI纳米复合材料固定化酶的葡萄糖生物传感器

制备了一种基于金纳米粒子(Au NPs)、氧化铈纳米颗粒(CeO2)和导电聚苯胺(PANI)的具有核壳结构的纳米复合材料(Au NPs-CeO2@PANI),利用该纳米复合材料和壳聚糖形成的复合膜成功实现了对葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的固定.采用透射电镜和X射线衍射对Au NPs-CeO2@PANI材料进行了表征.电化学方法研究了传感器性能,结果表明基于Au NPs-CeO2@PANI纳米复合材料修饰的葡萄糖生物传感器线性范围为6.2×10-6 mol/L～2.8×10-3 mol/L,响应时间为5 s,检测下限为1.0×10-6 mol/L;相同条件下Au NPs-CeO2@PANI纳米复合材料修饰的电极也显示出了比单一或二者复合的纳米材料修饰电极更优越的性能.     

基于金纳米棒的DNA杂交检测

金纳米棒具有独特的光学性质与良好的生物适应性,在生物医学领域得到了日益广泛的应用.利用种子生长法,通过改变表面活性剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(BDAC)的浓度所制备的8种不同长径比(AR)的金纳米棒,具有不同位置的纵向表面等离子共振(SPR)峰.在金纳米棒和非标记探针DNA的混合盐溶液中加入靶标DNA后检测,发现金纳米...     

Tyr/MWNTs-Chit/GCE生物传感器的制备及其在快速检测大肠杆菌中的应用

该文基于多壁碳纳米管(muhiwalled carbon nanotubes,MWNTs)-壳聚糖(Chit)复合物修饰电极制备了灵敏、稳定的酪氨酸酶(tyrosinase.Tyr)生物传感器.由于MWNTs-Chit复合物具有好的生物兼容性以及电催化能力,Tyrr/MWNTs-Chit/GCE生物传感器在苯酚的检测中具有高灵敏度(412 mA/mo1),低检测限(5.0nmol/L),较宽的线性范围(1.0×10-8～2.8×10-5mol/L)以及良好的稳定性(10天后仍保持93%的活性).把Tyr/MWNTs-Chit/GCE生物传感器进一步应用于大肠杆菌的检测,大肠杆菌在104～107 cfu/mL范围内与电流响应成正比;经过5.0 h的培养,进一步降低大肠杆菌的检测限至10 cfu/mL.     

双分子层脂质膜的特性及其应用

双分子层脂质膜 (BLM )具有生物细胞膜的生物兼容性 ,是固定生物活性物质的理想材料 ,因此其在生物医学研究和生物传感器的研制领域具有广泛的应用前景。介绍了BLM的特性及其修饰 ,评述了双分子层脂质膜系统在生物医学应用和生物传感器开发方面的最新进展 ,展望了双分子层脂质膜系统应用的发展趋势。     

Development of an Amperometric Biosensor and Performance Studies with a Minimum Background Current

Abstract

An amperometric glucose biosensor with immobilized glucose oxidase enzyme is developed and its performance is investigated for the analysis of glucose concentration. A systematic method to find the background current in an amperometric biosensor is proposed, and the procedure for the minimization of the current has been reported. Tests were conducted for the analysis of glucose in different fruit juices. The current generated in an enzyme based amperometric biosensor depends on both the sensing current and the background current. The performance of amperometric biosensor is better when it is operated at optimized operating conditions and with minimum background current. The effect of current caused by the interference contained in the physiological fluids (uric acid and ascorbic acid) is found negligible. It has been found that the thickness of the membrane will affect the response time and the increase in background current will affect the sensitivity.     

DESIGN OF TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE SYSTEM

In this study, the dual modulated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) with heating and cooling control has been developed for the quantitative determination of biological molecules, as a biosensor. On the other hand, since, the Sauerbrey formula is misprinted in some publications, the correct form of formula is also discussed. The proposed QCM biosensor has three main parts, which are the oscillator circuit, temperature control circuit, and the differential frequency measurement unit. Colpitts oscillators with the buffer amplifier, microcontroller (PIC16F877) for the temperature control circuit and a peltier element were used for heating and cooling inside the developed system. Differential frequency measurement is a known technique to compensate environmental effects causing instability of crystals. For this reason, one of the crystals is implemented with oscillatory circuits, i.e., the detector; the other one is used as the reference. The designed system was tested between 8°C and 50°C and frequency shift versus temperature is observed at 0.5 ppm/°C over a given temperature range.     

杂交型DNA电化学生物传感器研究进展

杂交型DNA电化学生物传感器是一类利用核酸互补配对杂交原理检测和分析特定DNA序列的电化学生物传感器。由于其具有快速简便、选择性好、灵敏度高等优点,在临床医学、遗传工程、环境检测、食品安全监测和生物科学等领域有着重要的应用价值。简述了杂交型DNA电化学生物传感器的一般原理,对共价键结合法、自组装法、生物素-亲和索法、电聚合法以及吸附法等单链DNA的固定方法和DNA杂交信号的直接和间接电化学转换机制的近期研究进展进行了深入探讨,并对其在医疗检测和转基因植物检测等基因检测方面的最新应用和发展趋势进行了论述。     

纳米TiO2管电化学生物传感器用于测定水体中微囊藻毒素

制作了辣根过氧化物酶和溶胶-凝胶结合Nafion-TiO2修饰石墨电化学传感器,用示差脉冲伏安法研究了该修饰电极的电化学性质,并优化了微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)的测定条件.结果表明,在pH=6.5柠檬酸-NaOH-HCl缓冲溶液中,采用该修饰电极示差脉冲伏安法测定MC-LR,质量浓度在10-5～1μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,脉冲伏安法测定微囊藻毒素线性方程为100Δi=0.142 2logC+0.799 7,相关系数为0.995 0,最低检测限达10-6μg/L.电极的重现性及稳定性较好,连续测定10次,相对标准偏差为2.5%;4℃下储存28d后示差脉冲信号无明显变化;应用于饮用水中MC-LR的测定,样品的回收率为99.3%～102.9%.该传感器灵敏度高、稳定性好.